>> COMING UP ON NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON.

THE UPDATE ON THE WAR IN UKRAINE AS WE HAR NEAR THE ONE YEAR MARK OF UKRAINE'S WAR.

REST A BIAS IN HEALTH CARE.

THOSE STORIES AND MORE, NEXT, ON ARIZONA HORIZONS IN.

ANNOUNCER: THIS HOUR OF LOCAL YOUS INTO IS MADE POSSIBLE BY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE FRIENDS OF PBS, MEMBERS OF YOUR PBS STATION.

THANK YOU.

>> GOOD EVENING AND WELCOME TO ARIZONA HORIZON.

AM TED SIMONS.

TED: MARK BRNOVICH CONCEALED WEAPONS THAT DEBUNKED CLAIMS OF WRONGDOING IN THE 2020 ELECTION.

ACOVERED THOUGH WASHINGTON REPORTS THAT REPORTS BURN KNOW VICH LAUNCHED EXTENSIVE EBBS INVESTIGATION HAS TO THE PROCESS IN MARICOPA COUNTY WHEN INVESTIGATORS FOUND NO EVIDENCE TO BACK THE CLAIMS IF ERROR AND FRAUD, BURN KNOW VICH RELEASED INTERIM REPORT THAT CLAIM THE INVESTIGATION FOUND "SERIOUS VULNERABILITIES" WITHOUT OFFERING DETAILS.

BURN KNOW VICH WAS RUNNING FOR U.S. SENATE AT THE TIM AND WOUND UP LOSING IN THE GOP PRIMARY.

HE LEFT OFFICE LAST MONTH STILL HAVING NOT RELEASED THE FULL INVESTIGATION BUT TODAY, CURRENT ATTORNEY GENERAL DID RELEASE DON'TS RELATED TO THE INVESTIGATION WHICH INCLUDE ADDS SUMMARY BY THE STAFF 2:00 THAT STATED THERE WAS NO EVIDENCE PO TO SUPPORT ALLEGATIONS OF IRREGULARITIES OR ILLEGAL VOTING THAT THE INFORMATION THAT WAS PROVIDED WAS SPECULATIVE AND INVESTIGATED BY OUR AGENT AND SUPPORT STAFF WAS FOUND TO BE INACCURATE.

THOSE ALLEGATION INCLUDING DUPLICATE VOTE, BAMBOO BALLOT, DEAD PEOPLE VOTE, SATELLITES CONTROLLED BY THE ITALIAN MILITARY THAT WERE USED TO CHANGE VOTESES TO FAVOR PRESIDENT BIDEN.

HEARD LIENS A WINTER STORM CONTINUES TO MAKE THE WAY THROUGH THE STATE WITH HEAVY SNOW AND STRONG WINDS HITTING MUCH OF ARIZONA'S HIGH COUNTRY OF COUNTRY THIS WAS THE SCENE THIS MORNING IN BELMONT WHICH IS WEST OF FLAGSTAFF WIND SPEEDS PEAKED UP AT 88 MILES PER HOUR.

A NUMBER OF ROADS ARE CLOSED IN NORTHERN AND EASTERN ARIZONA INCLUDING I-17 BETWEEN STATE ROUTE 179 WHICH IS NORTH OF CAMP VERDES TO FLAGSTAFF.

ALSO CLOSED STATE ROUTE 89A BETWEEN I-16 AND SEE DONE INAND PAYSON AND WINSLOW AND STATE ROUTE 260 BETWEEN STAR VALLEY AND OVERGUARD.

THAT SERIOUS WEATHER IS PART OF A THREE-DAY STORM THAT IS BRINGING ICE, KNOW, EXTREME COLD ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

MORE THAN 65 MILLION PEOPLE IN 29 STATES ARE UNDER WINTER WEATHER ALERTS WITH PLACES LIKE MINNEAPOLIS, EXPECTING MORE THAN 2 FEET OF SNOW FROM THE STORM.

MORE THAN 5 MILLION PEOPLE RUNNER ICE STORM WARNINGS IN INCLUDE K AREAS OF IOWA, WISCONSIN, ILLINOIS AND MICHIGAN.

THIS FRIDAY MARKS ONE YEAR SINCE THE RUSSIAN INVASION OF UKRAINE.

IT HAS BEEN A YEAR.

THE WAR CONTINUES WITH UNTOLD NUMBERS OF MILITARY AND CIVILIAN DEATHS AMID UKRAINIAN RESISTANCE TO THE ENVATION.

EARLIER TODAY, WE GOT AM WRAP DO IN THE WAR FROM SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE FOR UKRAINE NEGOTIATIONS KIRK ALL HAVE KER.

AMBASSADOR, THANKS SO MUCH FOR JOINING US.

GOODGOOD TO SEE AGAIN.

ALWAYS A PRESSURE WHEN TALKING ABOUT UKRAINE ONE YEAR SINCE THE RUSSIAN INVASION.

YOUR THOUGHTS?

>> WELL, IT IS AMAZING.

SO MANY OF US ARE CONCERNED THAT UKRAINE WOULD NOT MAKE IT A YEAR.

OF COURSE, HERE THEY ARE.

THE OBVIOUS CONCLUSIONS WE CAN DRAW TODAY.

UKRAINE SURVIVED AT THE SOVEREIGN INDEPENDENT EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY AND RUSSIA HAS PROVEN UNABLE TO TAKE OVER UKRAINE AND IT IS GOING TO REMAIN A STATE NOW AS LONG AS PUTIN IS IN POWER AND FORCES REMAIN IN UKRAINE.

BUT WE DO HAVE A ROUGH YEAR AHEAD.

YOU CANNOT BE COMPLACENT.

IT IS NOT TIME FOR A VICTORY LAP.

UKRAINE STILL HAS TO WITHIN THE WE'RE AND IMMEDIATE MORE HELP TO DO THAT.

LET'S GO BACK TO BASICS HERE.

WHY DID RUSSIA INVADE.

THIS IS A MILITARY IN RACIAL.

THIS IS SERIOUS BUSINESS HERE.

WHY DID THEY DO THIS?

BECAUSE PUTIN BELIEVES THAT HE HAS A RIGHT TO REESTABLISH THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE.

HE DOESN'T BELIEVE UKRAINE WHEREIN INS ARE DIFFERENT PEOPLE.

SO HE DOESN'T BELIEVE UKRAINIAN STATE AS A NATION AND HE THINKS THAT RUSSIA HAS A RIGHT TO RULE THEM.

AND SO HE IS TYING THIS TO A FICTITIOUS VERSION OFst HISTORY HE POINTS TO AND PE IS ARTICULATED THIS IN SPEECHES AND IN WRITING AND THEN HE HAS ACTED OUT ON IT MILITARILY.

>> HAS HE ACCOMPLISHED ANY OF HIS GOALS SO FAR?

>> NO.

IT IS REALLY AMAZING.

HE HAS NOT.

AND HE HAS TAKEN A LIT BIT OF URANIAN TERRITORY AND IN THE SOUTH AND THE EAST PARTICULARLY ESTABLISHING A LANDLINE OF COMMUNICATION THAT GOES FROM CRIMEA, TO RUSH SH ITSELF.

RUSSIA ITSELF.

THAT IS SOUTHERN UKRAINE.

HE HAS CONTROLLED THAT CORRIDOR.

THAT CORRIDOR IS UNDER THREAT.

MEANTIME, HAS DESTROYED ABOUT HALF OF THE MILITARY CAPABILITY, HE HAS THE ECONOMY UNDER SANCTIONS.

HE HAS LOST EUROPE, AS A MARKET FOR RUSSIAN OIL AND GAS.

HE HAS LOST GDP.

HE IS LOSING MO MORE THAN THIS YEAR EVEN THAN LAST YEAR SO IT HAS GONE INCREDIBLY BADLY FOR RUSSIA.

ALL RIGHT.

WITH THAT IN MIND, HIS STANDING IN THE RUSSIA, IS IT STRONGER?

IS IT WEAKENED SIGNIFICANTLY EITHER WAY?

>> ITS VERY HARD TO READ WHAT IS GOING ON INSIDE RUSSIA BECAUSE OF COURSE THEY THROW INFORMATION BLANKET OVER THE WHOLE PLATE.

NO REAL INFORMATION GETS IN.

NO REAL INFORMATION GETS OUT.

BUT THERE ARE A COUPLE OF INDICATORS, ONE OF THEM IS THAT THEY TRIED TO DO A MASS MOB HIGH GLACIAL OF PEOPLE TO GET 300,000 MORE PEOPLE INTO THE ARMED FORCES BECAUSE THEY HAD LOST SO MANY.

AND INSTEAD OF GEEING 300,000 IN THE MILITARY THEY GOT MORE THAN THAT FLEEING THE COUPE TRY SO THAT IS CANE IT THAT PEOPLE IN RUSSIA KNOW WHAT IS GOING IN AND SAVE THEIR NECKS IF THEY CAN.

IN ADDITION TO THAT, YOU SEE, ARGUMENTS IN PUBLIC NOW BETWEEN THE PARAMILITARY GROUP CALLED THE GROUP AND ITS LEADER AND THE CHECHEN LEADER, AND THE MACHINE INDUSTRY OF DEFENSE, GENERALS ARE IN THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE HAS GONE THROUGH FOUR TO FIVE COMMANDERS IN THE MILITARY OPERATION NOW.

SO THESE ARE ALSO INDICATORS THAT YOU GET THAT PEOPLE INSIDE OF RUSSIA KNOW IT IS NOT GOING WELL.

>> OK.

THEY KNOW IT IS NOT GOING WELL.

IT HAS OBVIOUSLY BEEN A YEAR WHEN ITATION STEAM ROLL IN A WEEK OR TWO.

COMMON SENSE DICTATES THAT SOME FOLKS IN RUSSIA ARE QUESTIONING THIS.

DOES IT -- IS THE EVER GOING TO BACK DOWN IFS HE GOING TO DECLARE VICTORY AND LEAVE?

>> YEAH.

I DON'T THINK SO.

SO FIRST OFF, TO YOUR POINT THERE, IF HE LEFT, IF HE GETS WITHDRAW RUSSIAN FORCES FROM UKRAINE.

THE WAR WOULD BE OVER IN A DAY.

YEAH.

IN IS NO DESIRE FO ATTACK OR TAKE PARTS OF ARE YOU SHALL SHA.

IS ONLY RUSSIA ATTACKING UKRAINE.

THAT IS VERY IMPORTANT.

BUT THAT BEING SAID, PUTIN HAS CLEARLY STAKE THE LEG SY ON TAKING TERRITORY IN UKRAINE AND EXPANDING WHAT HE HAS GOT THERE AND MAYBE OVERTHROWING THE GOVERNMENT AND NOT GOING TO BACK DOWN.

SO AS LONG AS THAT IS THE CASE, YOU UKRAINE HAS TO FIGHTING TO DEFEND ITSELF.

THERE IS NO ROOM FOR NEGOTIATION HERE IF YOUR LIFE IS ON THE LINE.

HOW HAS UKRAINE DEFENDED ITSELF?

HOW HAVE THEY BEEN SO SUCCESSFUL?

>> IT HAS BEEN QUITE REMARKABLE.

IT IS A GREAT LESSON FOR ALL OF US, THATMOTEDVATION MEANS A LOT.

ANYWHERE DEAN IFING YOUR HOME, YOUR FAMILY, YOUR CHILDREN, JOSH, YOU HE, YOUR COUNTRY YOU ARE GOING TO FIGHT.

YOU ARE GOING TO BE INNOVATIVE AND DETERMINED.

THE RUSSIAN SOLDIERS LOOKED THAT KIND OF MOTIVATION.

IN'S DIGS TO THAT, THE RUSSIANS WERE INCREDIBLY COMPLACENT, THEY FIRST INVADED THEY ONLY GAVE THEIR SOLDIERS THREE DAYS OF PROPROVISION WHICH THEY QUICKLY RAN OUT OF IT.

SO THEN, THEY ARE SITTING THERE WITHOUT GOOD, WITHOUT FUEL, WITHOUT ANY KIND OF LOGISTIC SUPPORT AND BECOME SITTING DUCKS TO REMEMBER THE LONG CONVOY OF TANKS AND VEHICLES THAT WAS SITTING OUTSIDE OF CAN I EVE BACK UTSUED OF PARCH 6 LAST YEAR.

THEY SCREWED THIS UP.

WHAT WE HAVE LEARNED IS DESPITE WHAT WE THOUGHTING ABOUT THE RUSSIAN MILITARY, THEY ARE FAR LESS CAPABLE THAN ANYONE KNEW.

IN TERMS OF THE QUALITY OF THE PERSONNEL, THE TRAINING, THE EQUIPMENT, THE COME MAN AND CONTROL, THE TACTICS, STRA TIMIC LEF REL, COMMUNICATIONS AND SECURE COMMUNICATIONS ALL OF THIS IS A MESS.

AND ALL THEY ARE ABLE TOLL DO NOW IS ACOMBINATION OF THROWING YOUNG PEOPLE, RIGHT AT THE FRONT LIPE, THEN FOUND FOLLOW UP WITH POUNDING A TELL RY THEN HOPING THEY CAN WEAR DONE THE URAN THAT IS WHY WAY.

THAT IS WHAT WE ARE SEEING ON THE GRAND AND IT IS NOT WORK.

>> WELL, IT IS NOT WORKING NOW.

BUT THERE THERE IS A CHANCE THIS IS A WAR OF ATTRITION AND HE KEEPS SENDING WAVE AFTER WAVE?

IT SOUNDS LIKE WORLD WAR II.

WAVE AFTER WAVE OF SOVIET THEN AND RUSSIA NOW.

WE GOT MORE PEOPLE THAN YOU DO?

THAT IS WHAT HE IS BETTING ON NOW.

HE DOESN'T HAVE MUCH ELSE THAT HE CAN BET ON.

SO HE IS JUST SAYING WE ARE GOING TO DO THIS AND HOPE WE CAN WEAR YOU DOWN.

THAT IS WHY IT IS CRITICALLY IMPORTANT THAT WE MAKE SURE THAT UKRAINE HASES A QUALITATIVE ADVANTAGE IT CANNOT PLAY THAT GAME BUT PLAY A BETTER GAME AND IT CAN USE PRECISION GUIDED MU MUNITION TARGET THE SUPPORT FOR THE RUSSIAN FORCES AND PUSH THE SUPPORT SYSTEMS FURTHER BACK AWAY FROM THE FRONT LINE AND SO THEY CAN PUNCH THROUGH IN ADVANCE WITH MODERN TANKS AND WITH LONGER RANGE A TELL RY AND SO WE ARE GIVING THEM SOME OF THESE THINGS BUT INTERESTING THING THAT IS UP UNTIL NOW, EVEN TODAY, THE UNITED STATES HAVE HELD BACK ON CERTAIN TOPS OF WEAPONY WE ARE NOT WILLING TO GET TOT UKRAINE INCLUDING A TELL RY THAT CAN GO 3-00-KILO MERES INSTEAD OF 150 AND THEN AIRCRAFT AND AFTER PRESIDENT BIDEN'S VISIT TO KIEV THIS PAST WEEK WHERE HE CLEARLY ATTACHED AMERICAN CREDIBILITY AND PRESTIGE TO UKRAINE AND SUR ARRIVING AND WINNING THIS WAR WE NEED TO TAKE THESE RESTRICTIONS OFF HELP THE UKRAINIANS PUNCH THROUGH THOSE LINES AND GET THIS OVER WITH FASTER.

INTERESTING.

TALKING F-16'S AND THIS KIND OF A THING AND DEBATE ON WHETHER OR NOT WE ARE GOING TO DO THIS.

THE PRESIDENT'S VISIT TO UKRAINE.

HOW BIG OF IMPACT WAS THAT?

IT WAS VERY BIG IMPACT.

IT WAS REALLY ATTACHING AMERICAN CREDIBILITY AND PRESTIGE TO UKRAINE'S THINGS WAR AND ONE THING WE HAVE DONE TO THIS POINT.

LOTS OF OTHER WORLD LEADERS HAD VISITED UKRAINE, BUT FOR PRESIDENT BIDEN TO DO SON THE WAY HE DID, I THINK THAT WAS SIGNIFICANT PRESIDENT?

HE THEN GAVE A VERY FORCEFUL SPEECH AFTERWARDS.

IF YOU REMEMBER, A YEAR AGO, IN MARCH, WAS IN WARSAW, THEN HE SAID, THE END OF THE SPEECH, WELL, YOU KNOW FOR THE OF LO OF GOD.

THIS BY CANNOT TON LEAD THE COUNTRY TALKING ABOUT MU TIN AND THE WHITE HOUSE QUICKLY WAGGED IT BACK.

NO, MO, WE ARE NOT SAYING THAT.

THE TIME, HE GIVE A VERY FORCEFUL SPEECH.

HE MENTIONED PUTIN TEN TIME THEN, I THINK IT CAME ACROSS FAR STRONGER THAN WHAT HE DID ALSO YEAR AND IT IS VERY SIGNIFICANT.

TODAY HE THEN MET WITH THE LEADERS OF NINE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN ALLIED COMPANIES AND REASSURING THEM WE REMAIN SERIOUS ABOUT THE NATIVE COMMITMENT WITH THE COUNTRIES AND MEMBERS OF NATO THESE ARE SIGNIFICANT STEPS HE TOOK THIS WEEK.

INDEED.

TREENSING TO SEE INCREASING IN ANNOUNCE IN NATO AND SOUNDS LIKE THEY ARE INCREASINGLY MAYOR PART OF NATO AND IN GREAT PART BECAUSE OF THE WAR.

THAT IS RYE.

ISN'T IT INTERESTING WHEN YOU GO BACK TO REBEGINNING OF WORLD WAR II THAT WAS ACTUALLY GERMANY AND RUSSIA STALIN AND HET LER THAT GOT TOGETHER TO DIVIDE UP POE LISTEN AND THEY BOTH INVADED ON SEPTEMBER FIRST, 1939 AND WHAT REALLY KICKED OFF WORLD WAR II AND NOW, NOW, HERE, IT IS ACTUALLY POLAND THAT IS STEPPING FORWARD TO BE THE FRET HE PROKED VEER OF SUPPORT FOR UKRAINIAN PEOPLE AND LOGIES TALL CAL SUPPORT AND BASING, OR STAGING GROUND FOR OTHER WESTERN FORCES TO AID UKRAINE AND THEN IT MAY ACTUALLY BE THE LINCHPIN THAT BUILDS SECURITY IN FOR THE FUTURE.

OK. THAT IS POLAND.

LETS A TALK ABOUT CHINA BECAUSE WE ARE GETTING WERES NOW THAT CHINA MAY BE AMENABLE TO HELPING RUSSIA GIVE THEM SOME MORE, I DON'T KNOW.

EVERYTHING FROM MILITARY AID TO MONITORY AID AND FIRST OF ALL HOW MUCH CREDENCE DO YOU GIVE THAT.

IF TRUE HOSE DO THAT IMPACT THE WAR.

YEAH.

I THINK WE VERY TO BE CAREFUL WHEN WE TALK ABOUT CHINA AND TO MAKE SURE WE ARE LOOKING AT THINGS THROUGH THE CHINESE LENS SO OFFEN WE SAY ARE THEYING IF TO HELP RUSSIA OR NOT GOING TO HELP RUSSIA AND SIDE WITH US OR NOT SIDE WITH US AND CLOSE UP AND THAT IS THE WRONG PRISM.

WHAT IS CHIN NAP THINK IN THE INTERESTS AND THE COMEX PICTURE IF THEY CAN WEAKEN WESTERN AND U.S.'S LEADERSHIP THE WORLD THEY ARE HAPPY TO DO THIS.

BUT THE SAME TIME, THEY DON'T WANT CHIN NAP TO BE SEEING THE SAME AS RUSSIA.

RUSSIA'S ENGAGING IN A WAR OF AGGRESSION AGAINST THE SOVEREIGN STATE AND COMMITTING HEINOUS WAR CRIMES THERE.

CHINA WANTS TO TAKE OVER TAIWAN BUT DOESN'T WANT IT TO BE SEEN THE SAM WAY ANTI-WAN IS INAUGURAL PART OF CHIN, NOT AT SOVEREIGN STATE AND DON'T WANT TO DESTROY TAIWAN AND TAKE OVER A RICH TIE WITHIN AND THEY CAN PLAY FOR A LOT OF MORE TIME AND CHOO CHINA'S ECONOMIC INTEREST IS A FCT ARE AS WELL AND MUCH MORE TIED TO UNITED STATES THAN RUSSIA.

THEY MAY BE HAPPY TO WEAKEN U.S. LEADER HP THE WORLD IF THEY CAN.

THEY CERTAINLY DOP WANT TOP SEE THE COMPANY SUBJECT TO SANCTIONS OR EVEN TO BE FROZEN OUT OF EUROPEAN MARKETS OR EVEN FROZEN OUT OF URANIAN RECONSTRUCTION.

INTERESTING THIS THE REST OF THE WORLD HOW DOES THE REST OF THE WORLD SEE THE WE'RE AND SEE THE U.S. AND OUR PLACE IN THE WAR.

MEAN, DO THEY THINK THEY ARE HAVE THE STAYING POWER THE REST OF THE WORLD WHAT DO I THEY THINK ABOUT THIS.

THEY LOOK AT THIS AND THE GLOBAL SOUTH HERE.

FROM INDIANA SOUTH AFRICA, SO GARTH A LOT OF EM ARE SAYING THIS IS NOT OUR HEIGHT.

YOU NO HE?

WE HAVE BEEN VICTIMS OF OURSELF AND WE KNOW WHAT IS GOING ON.

WE JUST NEED TO GET ON WITH THINGS AND THIS IS YOUR PROBLEM NOT OURS.

AND WE DON'T KNOW WHO IS GOING TO WIN AND IF RUSSIA IS GOING TO SURVIVE HERE AND HAVE TO DEAL WITH RUSSIA IN THE FUTURE IF THEY DO SO WE JUST DO DON'T WANT TO TICK A ARE HERE.

THAT HAS BEEN THE GENERAL ATTITUDE BUT AS UKRAINE HAS FOUGHT BACK, AND AS THE RUSH SHES A INCREASINGLY BEEN CLEARLY COMMITTING CRIMES AGAINST HUE-TY, THEN, ALSO, NOT DOING WELL IN THE WAR, THAT ATTITUDE IS SOFTING UP A LITTLE BIT.

WE HAVE SEEN, FOR EX AL PE, CHINA, INDIA WON RUSSIA BY NOT USING NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND WE HAVE SEEN COUNTRIES LIKE TURKEY STEP UP WITH WHAT THEY ARE GIVING TO THE UKRAINIANS AND WE HAVE SEEN GULF STATES ANDUAE, AND GO FROM THE VICTORY NEUTRAL POSITION TO ONE THAT IS A LITTLE BIT MORE WILLING TO TRY TO FIND WAYS TO HELP U CRANEAS NOT MILITARILY BUT OTHER WAYS.

LAST QUESTION AND THANKS SO MUCH FOR THE TIME.

WE APPRECIATE THIS.

HOW DOES THIS ALL END?

>> I THINK WHAT WILL HAPPEN HERE, THIS IS, WE ARE TALKING NOW OVER THE COURSE OF 2023, THE RUSSIANS ARE ATTEMPTING TO MOUNT YET ANOTHER OFFENSIVE.

AND IT APPEARS THEY DON'T HAVE THE NEEDS TO DO SO.

THEY CANNOT MUST THE PEOPLE AND THE EQUIPMENT AND THE COMBINED THEM IN SOPHISTICATED WAY TO REALLY LAUNCH THE MAJOR OFFENSIVE SO IT IS WHAT WE TALKED ABOUT.

ITS THE PEOPLE AT THE FRONT LINE, POUNDING A TELL RY, NOT CHANGING ANYTHING.

THE UKRAINIANS, MEANWHILE, ARE GETTING WESTERN TANKS.

THEY REGETTING LONGER-RANGE A TELL RY.

THEY REGETTING GREAT TRAINING FROM PEOPLE FROM UK, GERMANY, SWEDEN, U.S., CANADA.

THEY ARE PROBABLY GOING TO GET ADDITIONAL WEAPON SYSTEMS AS WELL ALSO BETTER AIR DEFENSES AND I THINK URANIANS ARE GOING TO LAUNCH TWO COUNTER OFFENSES THIS YEAR THAT WILL BE SIGNIFICANT ONE IN THE SOUTH.

THE LANDLINE OF COMMUNICATION THEN WITHIN IN THE EAST TO TAKE BACK TERRITORY THAT RUSSIA PUT LAST YEAR.

IF THEY CAN DO THAT, I THINK THAT IS GOING TO CUSS A LOT OF SOUL-SEARCHING IN MOSCOW AND WHAT DO THEY GOT THEMSELVES INTO?

HOW LONG CAN THEY SUSTAIN IN THIS INCAN THEY GET OUT OF IT?

I THINK IF YOU GET THAT POINT, THEN THERE IS THE TAUNT TO SEE SOME CHANGE IN RUSSIA'S ATTITUDE.

BUT UNTIL THEN, UKRAINIANS HAVE TO KEEP FIGHTING.

WOW.

GREAT CONVERSATION.

FOMER U.S.

AMBASSADOR TOMATO.

AMBASSADOR, ALWAYS A PLEASURE.

THANKS, SIR.

GREAT TO BE WITH YOU.

THANK YOU.

>> UP NEXT ON ARIZONA HORIZON, A DISCUSSION ON RATION HEALTH CARE DISPARITIES.

RATION BIAS IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IS AN ISSUE FACED WITH CONCERNS RANGING FROM ATTEMPT TOLL THE WAY DOCTORS ENGAGE WITH BLACK PATIENTS.

JOININGS NOW IS DOCTOR FROM AS'S COLLEGE OF HEALTH LOSINGS THANK FOU ARE JOININGS.

GOOD YOU HAVE.

>> THANKS.

THANK FOR HAVING ME.

YOU BET.

OVERALL BIAS IN HEALTH CARE.

HOW PERVASIVE IS THIS?

>> EXTREMELY.

IT IS SO DEEPLY ROOTED IN THE THREAD OF HISTORIC OCCURRENCES THAT HAPPENED THROUGHOUT THE DECADES THROUGHOUT THE CENTURIES.

THERE IS A STRONG SEED OF SYSTEMIC RACISM, AND TRUCK RAL RACISM, THAT PERPETUATES THROUGHOUT THE BLACK COMMUNITY AND REALLY IMPACT THE TRUST AND THE KIND OF SAFE SPACE THAT THE BLACK COMMUNITY HAS TOWARD THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY.

ENTREESING.

BIAS IN TREATMENT.

GIVE ME SOME EXAMPLES OF WHAT IS GOING ON HERE.

WELL, YOU KNOW, SITUATIONS IN NOT FEELING LIKE IT IS A SAFE SPACE TO BE ABLE TO ASK YOUR DOCTOR QUESTIONS OR TO FEEL LIKE YOUR DOCTOR UNDER STANDS YOUR CULTURAL BELIEFS AS IT TIES TO THE HALTED PRACTICES, AND NOT BOEING ABLE TO SEE DOCTORS WHO REPRESENT YOUR COMMUNITY, SO HAVING , KNOW, BLACK DOCTORS AND, AND SOMETIMES FEELING LIKE NOT, OUT BEING ABLE TO FEEL COMFORTABLE OR FEEL REALLY SAFE IN ASKING THE QUESTIONS THAT SOMEONE, THAT THE PATIENT REALLY WANTS TO ASK WITH THE DOCTOR.

>> IS THAT A REFLECTION OF DOCTORS JUST AND BEING COAND NOT END GAINING NOW OR PATIENTS THEMSELVES JUST FEELING FROM THE GET GO I AM NOT GOING TO BE ABLE TOLL HAVE THAT SAFE SPACE AS YOU CALL IT.

>> LE, THINK IT IS A BLEND OF BOTH.

YOU KNOW, OFTEN TIMES IN THE MEDICAL TRAINING, THERE HAS BEEN MORE OF A PUSH TO IN CORPORATE CULTURAL AND LYNN GISSIC COME CONTINUES SY WITHIN IT.

THINK THERE IS STILL MORE GROUND TO BE GAINED IN THAT AND HOW WE TRAIN OUR DOCTORS FROM VARIOUS RATION AND ETHIC BACK GROUNDS TO BE ABLE TO CREATE THIS SAFE SPACE FOR THEIR PATIENTS WHO MAY BE FROM DIFFERENT CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS AND RATION BACKGROUNDS.

I THINK IT IS ALSO THINKING ABOUT JUST HISTORICALLY THERE IS THIS THIS THREAD OF FEAR AND MISTRUST WITH NED CALL COMMUNITY BECAUSE OF HISTORIC EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST AND MOST NOTABLY THE TUSKEGEE EXPERIMENT, BE THAT DIDN'T END THAT LONG AGO.

THAT WAS IN SORE FOM OF US OUR GENERATION.

OUR PARENTS OUR GRAND PARENT'S GENERATION IT ENDED IN 1972 AND IT IS THOSE TYPES OF EVENTS WHERE BLACK PEOPLE WERE USING EXPERIMENTS WITHOUT THEIR INFORMED CONSENT WITHOUT THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF WHAT THE EXPERIMENTS WERE REALLY ENTAILING, THAT CONTINUED TO BE THIS INTO THE PLAQUE COMMUNITY, SO AS BLACK PATIENT, GOING INTO A MEDICAL APPOINTMENT MOST PAYMENTS IT IS KIND OF THE LAST RESORT AND WE HAVE DONE EVERYTHING ELSE BEFORE SAYING, OK, NOW I HAVE TO GO TO A DOCTOR, OFTEN AT THE ENCOURAGE COME OF OTHER PEOPLE BUT IT IS STILL TERNING THAT SPACE AND FEELING LIKE, I DON'T FOE.

I DON'T FEEL COMFORTABLE ASKING THIS PARTICULAR QUESTION ABOUT MY HEALTH.

I AM, YOU HE, BEING AFRAID OF THE WHITE COAT.

>> WELL, WITH THAT IN MIND, MAIN, OBVIOUSLY, AS FAR AS, YOU KNOW, STROKE, CANCER, ASTHMA SHALL INFLUENZA, NY MOAN WHERE AND THE AFRICAN-AMERICANS ARE GREATER RISK HIGHER RISKS FOR THESE THINGS.

THE NEED IS THERE.

HOW DO YOU MAKE SURE THAT PEOPLE DON'T FEAR THE WHITE COAT BUT SEE THE WHIT HOSE AS SOMEONE WHO WANTS TO HELP T. IS THAT A GENERATIONAL THING.

>> DEFINITELY THAT IS ONE OF THE DONE TRIBUTING FACTORS I WOULD SAY.

I THINK WHAT NEEDS TO HAPPEN IS THE WAY THAT WE NOT ONLY TRAIN POSITION POSITIONS GOING FORWARD BUT ALSO DEVELOPING THE PATIENTS PROVIDER COMMUNICATION THAT RELATIONSHIP, AND PART OF THAT HAS TO DO WITH HOW WE MAKE INFORMATION ACCESSIBLE.

I THINK WE NEED TO SEE MORE ADVOCACY ON TWO SIDES, ONE IS THE PHYSICIAN'S SIDE TO GO INTO THE COMMUNITY AND BECOME 3:00 RELATABLE BECOME ACCESSIBLE BECOME SOMEONE WHO, YOU KNOW, THAT WHITE COAT IS REMOVED.

YOU ARE ANOTHER HUMAN BEING.

THEN, ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THAT, RITE IS PATIENTS AS A SELF ADVOCATE.

I THINK GIVING PEOPLE THE TOOLS AND THE AM POWERMENT TO BE ABLE TO ASK THE QUESTIONS THAT GIVE THEM THE PEACE THAT THEY ARE SEEKING IN TERMS OF WHAT IS GOING WON THEIR HEALTH AND ANY GIVEN MEDICAL APPOINTS THEY MAY HAVE.

YEAH.

HE SEE THAT.

WHEN PEOPLE TALK ABOUT HEAL LITERACY ESPECIALLY IN IN THIS ISSUE.

THAT IS WHAT YOU ARE TALKING ABOUT THERE.

ABSOLUTELY.

YES.

I THINK IN NOT ONLY IN HOW A 2:00 MAY OR HEALTH CAIRO HE PHYSICIANAL MAY TALK TO PATIENTS THINK ALSO IN THE LITERATURE THAT IS AVAILABLE WHETHER ON THE INTERNET OR IN PAG PAM LETS THAT ARE IN A PHYSICIAN'S FIS OR EVEN IN THE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER OR COMMUNITY CENTER, I THINK IT NEEDS TO BE WRITTEN IN A WAY THAT IS RELATABLE THAT IS UNDERSTABLABLE TO ANYONE, AT ANY LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND COMPREHENSION THAT THEY MAY HAVE AND MAKING IT FEEL LIKE IT IS IT IS SUCCESSFUL DIGESTIBLE.

>> RIGHT.

>> AND GIVING SOMEONE KIND OF REMOVING THE MEDICALAR GONE FROM IT WHICH A LOT OF THE WORDS THAT PROVIDERS CAN THROW AT PATIENTS ARE OFTEN WORDS THEY CAN NOT BEGIN TO SPELL.

I KNOW I CAN'T SPELL HALF OF THEM OR SAY THEM SO YOU KNOW, MAKING IT AS IF IT IS JUST HAVING A CONVERSATION.

WE GOT 15 SECONDS LEFT HERE.

THINGS GETTINGETTER?

SLIGHTLY BUT STILL A LOT OF WORK THAT NEEDS TO BE DONE DISPARITIESES A HUGELY GROWING AND WHEN IT COMES TO MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY AND IN THE BLACK COMMUNITY THEN I THINK PATIENTS NEED TO BE BLACK, BLACK PEOPLE NEED TO BE THEIR OWN ADVOCATES AND ASK THE QUESTION.

A GREAT CONVERSATION GOOD INFORMATION DR., ASU COLLEGE OF HEALTH SOLUTIONS THANKS SO MUCH.

>> THANKS.

>> AND THAT IS IT FOR NOW.

I AM TED SIMONS THANK YOU FOR JOINING US.

YOU HAVE A GREAT EVENING.